A localized coalescence of metals or nonmetals produced either by heating the materials to the welding temperature, with or without the application of pressure, or by the application of pressure alone and with or without the use of filler material.

The capacity of material to be welded under the imposed fabrication conditions into a specific, suitably designed structure and to perform satisfactorily in the intended service.

A crack located in the weld metal or heat affected zone.

Written verification that a welder has produced welds meeting a prescribed standard of welder performance.

The exposed surface of a weld on the side from which welding was done.

A joining process that produces coalescence of materials by heating them to the welding temperature, with or without the application of pressure or by the application of pressure alone, and with or without the use of filler metal.

A controlled electrical discharge between the electrode and the workpiece that is formed and sustained by the establishment of a gaseous conductive medium, called an arc plasma.

The metal or alloy to be added in making a weld joint that alloys with the base metal to form weld metal in a fusion welded joint.

One who operates adaptive control, automatic, mechanized, or robotic welding equipment.

An apparatus for supplying current and voltage suitable for welding.

The detailed methods and practices involved in the production of a weldment.

A form of welding filler metal, normally packaged in straight lengths, that does not conduct the welding current.

A graphical representation of a weld.

The details of a welding procedure that are controlled by the welder or welding operator.

A form of welding filler metal, normally packaged as coils or spools, that may or may not conduct electrical current depending upon the welding process with which it is used.

The portion of a fusion weld that has been completely melted during welding.

A single progression of welding along a joint. The result of a pass is a weld bead or layer.

Weld metal in excess of the quantity required to fill a joint.

The phenomenon whereby a liquid filler metal or flux spreads and adheres in a thin continuous layer on a solid base metal.

The angle less than 90 between a line that is perpendicular to the cylindrical pipe surface at the point of intersection of the weld axis and the extension of the electrode axis, and a plane determined by the electrode axis and a line tangent to the pipe at the same point. In a T-joint, the line is perpendicular to the nonbutting member. This angle can also be used to partially define the position of guns, torches, rods and beams.

The part that is welded, brazed, soldered, thermal cut, or thermal sprayed.