A weld made to hold the parts of a weldment in proper alignment until the final welds are made.

A test in which a specimen is loaded in tension until failure occurs.

A joint between two members located approximately at right angles to each other in the form of a T.

A crack with its major axis oriented approximately perpendicular to the weld axis.

A weld test specimen with its major axis perpendicular to the weld axis.

The angle less than 90 degrees between the electrode axis and a line perpendicular to the weld axis, in a plane determined by the electrode axis and the weld axis. This angle can also be used to partially define the position of guns, torches, rods, and beams.

A nonfiller metal electrode used in arc welding, arc cutting and plasma spraying, made principally of tungsten.