The removal of weld metal and base metal from the weld root side of a welded joint to facilitate complete fusion and complete joint penetration upon subsequent welding from that side.

A welding technique in which the welding torch or gun is directed opposite to the progress of welding.

Backing in the form of a ring, generally used in the welding of pipe.

An angular edge shape.

The angle between the bevel of a joint member and a plane perpendicular to the surface of the member.

A type of groove weld.

A weld produced by heating an assembly to the brazing temperature using a filler metal having a liquidus above 450o C(840o F) and below the solidus of the base metal. The filler metal is distributed between the closely fitted faying surfaces of the joint by capillary action.